At age twenty-one Sert married her
twenty-year old cousin Thadée Natanson, a Polish émigré. Natanson dedicated
most of his time frequenting the haunts favored by the artistic and
intellectual circles of Paris .
He became involved in political causes, championing the ideals of socialism,
which he shared with his friend Leon Blum, and was a Dreyfusard. The Natanson
home on the Rue St. Florentine became a gathering place, a salon, for such
cultural lights as Marcel Proust, Claude Monet, Pierre-Auguste Renoir, Odilon
Redon, Paul Signac, Claude Debussy, Stéphane Mallarmé, and André Gide. The
entertainment was lavish. Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec enjoyed playing bartender
at parties the Natanson's hosted and became known for serving a potent
cocktail— a drink of colorful layered liqueurs dubbed the Pousse-Café. All were
mesmerized by the charm and youth of their hostess. In 1889, Natanson debuted,
La Revue blanche, a periodical committed to the discovery and nurture of new
talent and to serve as a showcase for the work of the post-Impressionists, Les
Nabis. Sert became the muse and symbol of La Revue blanche, appearing in
advertising posters created by Toulouse-Lautrec, Édouard Vuillard and Pierre
Bonnard. A portrait of Sert by Renoir is now in the Tate Gallery. Marcel Proust
used Sert as the prototype for the characters of "Princess
Yourbeletieff" and "Madame Verdurin" in his roman à clef, the
epic work, "À la recherche du temps perdu," ("Rembrance of
Things Past").
Natanson’s La Revue blanche coupled with
his political activism required an influx of capital, which he alone was unable
to supply. Needing a benefactor, he connected with Alfred Edwards, a newspaper
magnate, the founder of the foremost newspaper in Paris, Le Matin. Edwards had
become enamored with Sert and had taken her as his mistress in 1903. He would
supply money, but only on the condition that Natanson relinquish his wife to
him.
On February 24, 1905, Sert became the wife
of Alfred Edwards. Sert and her new husband took up an opulent lifestyle in
their apartment on Rue de Rivoli, overlooking the Tuileries. Here Sert
continued welcoming artists, writers, and musicians in her home. Maurice Ravel
dedicated Le Cygne (The Swan) in "Histoires naturelles" and La Valse
(The Waltz) to her. Sert accompanied Enrico Caruso on the piano while the opera
star entertained the assembled listeners with a repertory of Neapolitan songs.
Edwards proved an unfaithful husband, and he and Sert divorced in 1909.
In 1914, Sert married her third husband,
Spanish painter José-Maria Sert, (Josep Maria Sert). This period began her
reign and fame as cultural arbiter, which lasted some fifty years. Writer Paul
Morand described her as a "collector of geniuses, all of them in love with
her." It was recognized that
"You had to be gifted before Misia wanted to know you." It was in her
salon, while listening to Erik Satie at the piano playing his iconic
composition "Trois Morceau en forme en poire" — that the assembled
guests were informed that World War I had begun.
The Sert marriage was an emotionally
tumultuous one. Her husband became involved with a member of the aristocratic
Russian Mdivani family, Princess Isabelle Roussadana Mdivani, known as
“Roussy.” Sert tried to accommodate herself to the liaison her husband was
having with another women. She herself also entered into a physical
relationship with Rousssy. For some period of time the three—husband, wife, and
Roussy—sustained a ménage á trois.
The Sert’s social set was made up of
bohemian elites, and the upper echelons of society. It was a libertine group
rife with emotional, and sexual intrigues—all fueled by drug use and abuse. She
had an enduring association with couturiere Coco Chanel. The two met at the
home of actress, Cécile Sorel in 1917, and thereafter were close friends. Sert
provided Chanel with the emotional support the bereaved woman needed following
the death of her lover, Arthur Capel in a car accident in 1918. It is said that
theirs was an immediate bond of like souls, and Sert was attracted to Chanel by
“her genius, lethal wit, sarcasm and maniacal destructiveness, which intrigued
and appalled everyone.” Both women, convent bred, maintained a friendship of
shared interests, confidences and drug use.
Sert was generous and supportive to friends
in need. When the poet, Pierre Reverdy needed funds to retreat to a Benedictine
monastery in Solesmes, she provided financial assistance. Sert had a long
lasting association with Sergi Diaghilev, involved in all creative aspects of
the Ballets Russes, friendships with its dancers, input on costumes, and
choreography. Through the years she was the monetary ballast for the often
financially distressed ballet company. On the opening night of "Petrushka",
she came to the rescue with the four thousand francs immediately needed to
prevent repossession of the costumes. When Diaghilev, the eminent ballet
impresario lay dying in Venice ,
she was at his side. After his death in August 1929, Sert paid the expense of
providing a funeral befit to honor the man who had been a seminal force in the
world of ballet.
She weathered the World War II Nazi
occupation of Paris
without serious condemnation of her character, unlike some of her social set
whose wartime activities and allegiances were questionable if not damning.
Misia Sert died on October 15, 1950 in Paris .
Misia Sert et
Coco Chanel
"Egérie,
muse, Misia Sert fut une femme incontournable du milieu artistique du début du
XXe siècle. Modèle des peintres Renoir, Bonnard, Vallotton, elle fut mécène
d'avant-garde pour Serge Diaghilev et ses Ballets russes, proche de Max Jacob
et de Pablo Picasso. Misia a aimé, croisé, aidé nombre de figures marquantes de
cette période d'effervescence créative, dont La Revue blanche s'est faite
l'écho. Amie de Coco Chanel, elle a su, comme elle, séduire et prendre des
risques pour jouer de la vie. Ces deux figures emblématiques de leur temps vont
parcourir un long chemin d'amitié, tapissé de roses et d'épines, scandé
d'escapades à Venise. De quoi sceller des destins incomparables dans une époque
inouïe." Présentation de l'éditeur
(date de publication : mai 2009)
Misia Godebska
(1872-1950) est une figure de légende de la vie artistique française de la
Belle Epoque aux Années folles. Elle commence à se faire connaître par son
talent de pianiste. Son mariage en 1893 avec Thadée Natanson, le directeur de
La Revue blanche, la propulse au centre d'un groupe de créateurs défendant un
art symboliste et décoratif.
Au sommet de son
influence, elle devient l'une des femmes les plus portraiturées de son temps,
posant pour Bonnard, Vuillard, Vallotton, Toulouse-Lautrec, Renoir. Amie de
Diaghilev, Nijinsky, Stravinski, Cocteau, Chanel, elle finance les Ballets
russes pendant plus d'une décennie.
Cette exposition
pluridisciplinaire se propose de réunir des portraits de Misia et de son
entourage ainsi que des oeuvres, des documents et des témoignages d'artistes
contemporains illustrant le foisonnement de la création au temps où Misia était
la Reine de Paris.
Misia n'a rien
créé par elle-même mais ses rencontres successives et sa présence magnétique
aux côtés des artistes ont fait d'elle une muse, un mécène et un arbitre du
goût pendant plusieurs décennies.
Née dans une
famille de musiciens, elle est initiée très jeune au piano et poursuit sa
formation sous la direction de Gabriel Fauré (1845-1924). Excellente
interprète, elle donne son premier concert public en 1892 mais refuse de faire
carrière, jouant pour son seul plaisir et celui de ses amis.
Plusieurs
portraits d'elle la représentent devant son clavier, entourée de ses proches,
dans le salon de son appartement de la rue Saint-Florentin. Cadrés en plan
serré ou large dans une vision panoramique englobant le décor, ces portraits
présentent la facette la plus intime de Misia pour qui la musique est un refuge
et un partage.
Ses goûts
musicaux sont étendus. Fervente interprète de Beethoven, Schubert et Chopin,
elle s'enthousiasme pour Debussy, au temps de son amitié avec Mallarmé, et pour
Ravel qui lui dédie, en 1906, Le Cygne d'après Les Histoires naturelles de
Jules Renard et le poème symphonique La Valse en 1920. Avec le changement de
siècle, les goûts musicaux de Misia évoluent vers une nouvelle esthétique
représentée par Satie, Stravinski, Auric et Poulenc.
En 1889, les fils
d'Adam Natanson – Alexandre, Thadée et Alfred – fondent à Bruxelles une
publication culturelle et artistique, La Revue blanche (1889-1903), blanche
comme sa couverture. Creuset d'opinions progressistes, elle attire les
meilleures plumes et les artistes les plus novateurs de l'époque. Son champ
d'investigations s'étend à tous les domaines – politique, artistique, social –
offrant une tribune aux grands débats qui agitent la société au tournant du
siècle.
Misia, devenue
Madame Thadée Natanson en 1893, ne participe pas directement à cette
effervescence intellectuelle mais accueille à bras ouverts les collaborateurs
les plus proches de son mari : Coolus, Vuillard, Bonnard, Vallotton,
Toulouse-Lautrec, tous amoureux d'elle. Elle incarne alors l'idéal de la
Parisienne élégante, lectrice de La Revue blanche.
Les maisons de
campagne des Natanson, La Grangetteà Valvins et Le Relais à
Villeneuve-sur-Yonne, deviennent l'annexe des bureaux de la revue. Des idées et
des idylles y naissent et s'y dénouent comme en témoignent de nombreuses
photographies et des tableaux dans lesquels Misia est omniprésente.
No comments:
Post a Comment